Albariño
Alvarinho
Most of the Albariño regions in the atlas lie near the Atlantic, where frequent rain and moderate temperatures shape the growing season.
Grapes by region
Compare growing conditions by grape.
See which regions are listed for each grape and how their growing seasons differ.
Grape index
Regions and alternate names used in this atlas.
Cabernet Sauvignon usually needs a warm growing season and often ripens late, so periods of extreme heat and rain near harvest both deserve attention.
Chardonnay grows in both cool and warm regions. Comparing those regions shows how season length, accumulated heat, and harvest weather can differ.
Grenache / Garnacha
Grenache, Garnacha, Cannonau
Grenache, Garnacha, and Cannonau name the same variety across warm, often dry Mediterranean climates.
Grüner Veltliner
Gruner Veltliner
Grüner Veltliner is a defining Wachau variety, ripening along a narrow Danube corridor where elevation and autumn conditions vary over short distances.
Malbec is central to Mendoza, where elevation separates cooler upland sites from the warmer, dry eastern plain.
Merlot generally ripens before Cabernet Sauvignon, which makes late-summer warmth and rain during its earlier harvest period especially relevant.
Nebbiolo ripens late in Piedmont, so growers watch whether warmth lasts into autumn and whether rain arrives before harvest.
Pinot Noir
Pinot Nero
Pinot Noir is most closely associated with cooler regions, where spring frost, limited warmth, and autumn rain can change the course of a season.
Riesling appears from cool maritime sites to dry continental valleys, with large differences in autumn warmth and rainfall.
Sangiovese takes time to ripen, so late-summer heat and autumn rain are especially important when reading its growing season.
Sauvignon Blanc grows in Atlantic, continental, and dry coastal climates. Spring warmth and rain near harvest help distinguish one region from another.
Syrah / Shiraz
Syrah, Shiraz
Syrah and Shiraz are the same variety; the mapped regions range from cool northern Rhône conditions to much hotter Australian interiors.
Tempranillo
Tinta de Toro, Tinto Fino, Tinta Roriz
Tempranillo is planted across Spain’s elevated interior, where hot days, cool nights, and a dry summer can coexist.
Touriga Nacional is planted across the Douro, where summer heat and water stress increase eastward and elevation creates large local differences.
Zinfandel / Primitivo
Zinfandel, Primitivo
Zinfandel and Primitivo name the same variety in California and southern Italy, where high heat and long dry spells are common.